Parkinsons Disease Essay example - 2312 Words

Introduction Parkinson’s disease is a common disease facing many older people across the world. It affects the central nervous system and it impairs cognitive processes, motor skills and other functions. This disease mostly affects the older generation and it manifests itself with symptoms which include rigidity, tremor, postural instability, slowness in movement and others. Other symptoms include sleep difficulties, sensory and autonomic dysfunction. Parkinson’s disease has a high prevalence rate among older people with approximately 500,000 people suffering from the disease in the United States. In addition, there are approximately 1 million people who suffer from the disease but they have not been diagnosed yet (Oxtoby et. al.,†¦show more content†¦However, these too can benefit from several programs which have been created to cater for patients suffering from the disease across the US. Another psycho-social challenge facing many Parkinson’s patients is lack of access to effective health care services. Many patients do not have support from family and friends and they also do not have employment opportunities. As a result, they are unable to afford health care insurance to manage their condition and this worsens their symptoms (Grimes, 2004). If the disease is left untreated for a long time, such patients are exposed to fatality. This may explain the high number of people who succumb to Parkinson’s disease which can be managed through treatment. In addition, there is a high level of psychological suffering especially for patients in the late stage of the illness. Such patients suffer from altered relationships, low self esteem, loss of autonomy, social isolation among other effects. These have an adverse effect on mental health and they may lead to the development of other mental illnesses such as psychosis. It is therefore of essential impor tance that a cure is found for the illness. This may only be achieved through research. Research projects on Parkinson’s disease There are various researches which have been conducted in order to understand the most effective way to diagnose and treat the disease. In a research by Columbia University, 100 people of whoShow MoreRelated Parkinsons Disease Essay643 Words   |  3 Pages James Parkinson first discovered Parkinsons Disease in 1817. Parkinsons Disease is a common neurologic disorder for the elderly. It is a disorder of the brain characterized by shaking and difficulty with walking, movement, and coordination. This disease is associated with damage to a part of the brain that controls muscle movement. Parkinsons Disease is a chronic illness that is still being extensively studied. Parkinsons Disease has caused problems for many people in this world and plaguedRead MoreIs Parkinson Disease A Disease?1290 Words   |  6 Pages Parkinson Disease Danielle West University Of Arkansas Fort Smith Medical Terminology Fall of 2015 Introduction Parkinson is a disease that is a glitch in the neurons in the brain, which frequently affects the substantia nigra. Part of the dying neurons produces a chemical called dopamine. As this progresses, the dopamine in the brain decreases. Dopamine is a chemical in the brain which helps the body regulate coordination and movement in the body. Once Parkinson Disease (PD)Read MoreParkinson s Disease : A Disease1196 Words   |  5 PagesParkinson’s disease Chase J Fowler Missouri Southern State University â€Æ' What is Parkinson’s disease (PD)? Parkinson’s is a disease that causes the nervous system to degenerate which means that person’s health is declining mentally, physically, and morally. Parkinson’s causes a loss in balance, which is the cause for most of the falls. These falls lead to the most injuries a Parkinson’s patient has; whether it be fractures or concussions. It causes a loss in muscle movement and muscle control. PatientsRead MoreParkinson s Disease : Disease1737 Words   |  7 Pages Parkinson’s disease Parkinson’s Disease INTRODUCTION Wong, Gilmour and Ramage-Morin (2014) states that Parkinson’s disease comes second on the list of most common degenerative disorder of the nervous system. Dopamine, a substance synthesized in the body, is responsible for the normal movements of the body (Wong, Gilmour and Ramage-Morin, 2014). In Parkinson’s disease, the cells responsible for synthesizing Dopamine are damaged and incapacitated to form it (Wong, GilmourRead MoreThe Disease Of Parkinson s Disease1648 Words   |  7 Pages Abstract Parkinson’s disease has been cataloged as one of the most serious and slowly progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects a wide array of motor and non-motor aspects that impact the function of a person. Afflicting over four million Americans and the second most common neurological disorder after Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s continues to take its toll on the neurological health of many(Constantinescu et al, 2007 ). James Parkinson, a British physician first coinedRead MoreParkinson Disease ( Pd )1350 Words   |  6 Pages Parkinson disease (PD) is one of the most common neurologic disorders. and it affects approximately 1% of individuals older than 60 years old. Parkinson’s disease is a condition that progresses slowly by treatment. In addition, loss of pigmented dopaminergic neurons of the substantianigra pars compacta and the presence of Lewy bodies and Lewyneurites are the two major neuropathologic findings in Parkinson disease (Hauser, 2016). The cause of Parkinson disease, defined by Robert Hauser, who isRead MoreParkinson s Disease : Disease3496 Words   |  14 Pages Parkinson s disease Twanda H. Lewis North Carolina Wesleyan Dr. Quinan Parkinson s Disease Twanda H. Lewis North Carolina Wesleyan Dr. Quinan Outline Abstract†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 6 Symptoms†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 6 Tremor†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦ 6 Slow Movement†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 6 Rigid Muscles†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 7 Disfigured Posture†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 7 LossRead MoreParkinson s Disease : Disease1494 Words   |  6 PagesPARKINSON’S DISEASE INTRODUCTION: If you eat unhealthy, fatty foods your whole life, you have a higher risk of developing diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or arteriosclerosis. If you have unprotected sex, you may contract a sexually transmitted disease, such as syphilis, gonorrhea, or HIV/AIDS. But, Parkinson’s doesn’t racially discriminate, nor does it care if someone is wealthy, poor, educated, non-educated, male or female. Anyone can develop Parkinson’s disease. The disease begins inRead MoreAn Overview Of Parkinson Disease1450 Words   |  6 PagesAn Overview of Parkinson Disease Parkinson disease (PD) is a condition consisting of many unanswered questions. What causes it? Is it a genetic disorder? How will an individual know if they will be diagnosed with it in their lifetime? The list of enquiries one might present is endless. However, before even attempting to answer any questions, it is essential to understand the disease as a whole. In order to do so, grasping basic background information as well as data on PD is necessary. FollowingRead MoreThe Disease Of Parkinson s Disease1077 Words   |  5 Pagespaper is limited to Parkinson’s Disease. Parkinson’s Disease was thoroughly researched and will be described in depth including: physiology, etiology, signs and symptoms, diagnostic testing, therapeutic measures, and short vs. long term effects. Keywords: Parkinson’s Disease, dopamine, diagnosis, symptoms Parkinson’s, a Central Nervous System Disorder Since becoming a nursing student I have learned about several diseases and disorders. When hearing the term, â€Å"disease† one might imagine such thing

Everyday Use By Alice Walker - 1704 Words

In the story, â€Å"Everyday Use† by Alice Walker, there is an underlying conflict between three main characters; Mama, and her two daughters Maggie and Dee. Mama has been one to keep her traditions and her heritage close to her and has attempted to educate the significance of the families heritage to her two daughters. Dee, the oldest daughter, is one of the most diverse ones in the house due to her educational background, which has caused some issues with her family. Maggie is the younger sister who had been burned severely when she was younger in a house fire and now remains at home with her mother. The conflict in the story centers around Dee, the eldest and the most educated daughter. Dee has arrived home with her boyfriend named Hakim-a-Barber and she announces that she has changed her name to Wangero Leewanika Kemanjo from the African culture. During this time period many black families had a strong heritage background that set the structure of families. In most cases, the parents had given their children names from their great-grandparents or other relatives. In this case, Mama got Dee s name from her Aunt Dicie. In those days the changing of the name given to an individual was greatly frowned upon in the family and was seen as a disloyal act. Maggie the younger sister has always stayed true to their traditions and her heritage compared to Dee, who like explained before, was educated and stirred away from her heritage. Maggie and Mama continued to take on the rolesShow MoreRelatedEveryday Use By Alice Walker852 Words   |  4 Pagescomes or belongs to one by reason of birth. In â€Å"Everyday Use†, by Alice Walker, the theme of the story can be considered as the meaning of heritage or even the power of education. Alice Walker uses many symbols and motifs such as the following: quilts, education, knowledge, Asalamalakim, and the renaming of Dee. In the story, African heritage and knowledge takes a major role. The African heritage plays a major role in the story, â€Å"Everyday Use†. Alice Walker emphasizes the meaning of heritage by havingRead MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker1372 Words   |  6 PagesEverday Use† research paper In â€Å"everyday Use,† Alice Walker tells a narrative of a mother’s frustrating relationship together with her two daughters. At this facet, â€Å",Everyday Use†, tells that how a mom little by little refuses the cursory values of her older, successful daughter at the aspect of the useful values of her younger, much less lucky daughter. On a deeper outlook, Alice Walker takes on the theme of heritage and its norms as it applies to African-Americans. Everday Use, is set insideRead MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker1102 Words   |  5 Pagespoem â€Å"Aunt Jennifer’s Tigers† can be read similar to Alice Walker s short story Everyday Use† both are compared by the women’s ways of showing their strengths and how they identify their values, expressions and strength. Advertised in the general outlines of the plot, both literary themes talks of a quest for freedom, the characters identity and self-expression. Adrienne Rich â€Å"Aunt Jennifer’s Tigers† Alice Walker â€Å"Everyday Use† Comparison Paper Analyzing the two types of literatureRead MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker1372 Words   |  6 Pagessociety as a whole, but more specifically in the African American Community. Alice Walker gives slight insight into   what being forced   to assimilate is like. She says in her short story Everyday Use: She will stand hopelessly in corners homely and ashamed of the burn scars down her arms and legs eyeing her sister with a mixture of envy and awe. Statements such as these are a regular occurrence in her works. Walker often speaks on the ever so disheartening topic of cultural assimilation and theRead MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker996 Words   |  4 PagesIn the short story â€Å"Everyday Use† by Alice Walker, the author describes different ideas about one’s heritage. Culture and heritage is at the main point of the story â€Å"Everyday Use† by Alice Walker as symbolized by the quilt. The bond that Mother and Maggie share is brought by their common talent to make works of art like quilts. Dee does not have similar capacity because she does not appreciate manual labor nor believes in her heritage. The idea of pride in culture, heritage, and family is the mainRead MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker1721 Words   |  7 PagesIn her short story â€Å"Everyday Use,† Alice Walker summarizes the representation of the beauty, the conflicts and struggles within African-American culture. â€Å"Everyday Use† focuses mainly between members of the Johnson family, consisting of a mother and her two daughters. One of the daughters Maggie, who was injured in a house fire and has living a shy life clinging to her mother for security. Her older sister is Dee, who grew up with a grace and natural beauty. â€Å"Dee is lighter than Maggie, with nicerRead MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker1655 Words   |  7 PagesIn â€Å"everyday Use,† Alice Walker tells a narrative of a mother’s frustrating relationship together with her two dau ghters. At this facet, â€Å",Everyday Use†, tells that how a mom little by little refuses the cursory values of her older, successful daughter at the aspect of the useful values of her younger, much less lucky daughter. On a deeper outlook, Alice Walker takes on the theme of heritage and its norms as it applies to African-Americans. Everday Use, is set inside the late ,60s or mid ,70sRead MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker1735 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"Everyday Use† by Alice Walker and â€Å"Brownies† by ZZ Packer are two different short stories with different lessons but both talk about the topic of race. Both stories talks about the time in the 20th century when slavery just ended but racism are still active between African Americans and Caucasians. Walker described a story about a single African American mother who is waiting for her daughter to arrive from college. Packer described a story about these African American fourth graders who are inRead MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker1111 Words   |  5 Pagestheir culture. Alice Walker highlights and distinguishes the dissimilarities and clichà © of country African American women with the actualities that make up their lives. Characterized by short, compound sentences, with long adjectives and use of literary elements, her style is eloquent co nversational and authentic. Alice Walker’s short story, Everyday Use is stylistic, ironic and narrates profound interpretation of unique views and approaches to African-American culture. Walker’s use of characterizationRead MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker1725 Words   |  7 Pages17 April 2017 Everything is Not What it Seems Sometimes people forget that heritage has to do with truly understanding their past. Many often misrepresent it, especially the younger generations who just accept its presence. Alice Walker’s short story, â€Å"Everyday Use,† revolves around an African American family that consists of three women, who are very different from each other. The story begins with Maggie and Mama waiting in the yard for Dee, the main character, to visit from Augusta. Dee is

Marriage amendment in the USA Free Essays

string(130) " marriage is the fact that the commitment of a marriage means the couples are discouraged from having sex with multiple partners\." Marriage has come a long way since it was first adopted in America. Marriage was first used for property protection, financial and political gain. Now however, people are more about being in love and devoted to a significant other. We will write a custom essay sample on Marriage amendment in the USA or any similar topic only for you Order Now In past American history, with our laws; it had been illegal for a same sex marriage. Gay marriages should be legalized in the United States, because everyone deserves happiness. There have been many attempts for people to get a marriage license, but have been denied because they were gay. Loving v. Virginia was case when the Supreme Court’s decision was declared as â€Å"The freedom to marry as long been recognized as one of the vital personal rights essential to the orderly pursuit of happiness by free men.† Gays looked as this as a promise to be able to enjoy their personal rights (Lahey 16). The Loving decision gave hope to the gay community in guarantees to equality. Two early attempt cases that really started off the same-sex marriage were the trials of Baker v. Nelson and Singer v. Hara (Cabaj 131). The argument in the Baker case was based on constitutional guarantees of due process and Singer was based on equal process. Due process was the state’s denial of a marriage license by diminishing the freedom of a person to marry whom they want with the limits of basic material requirements (Cabaj 132). When the Baker case was taken to the Superior Court it was expected that the judge would dismiss the case, but the argument was made that by the definition of marriage was that it was a heterosexual union (Moats 116). Both cases used equal process because people were being denied marriage, when under the Fourteenth Amendment equal protection was stated. In the end of both cases neither were accessed marriage license. Hawaii Supreme Court stated that the denial of same-sex marriage would be presumed constitutional unless that state could prove that it could lead to state interest and order. What is the real harm in same-sex marriage? Everyone should have the chance to marry anyone they are in love with, and want a future to share. Homosexuals are out for the same thing heterosexuals are looking for in a marriage; personal intimacy, close relationships and social acceptance Vermont had allowed civil unions (which was just like a marriage license), and people from all over the United States filled for the application. The civil unions were made in 2000, but by 2003, 3,579 civil unions were accounted for, and only 625 came from Vermont. The civil unions have become a legal issue in the other states, because couples wanted to separate, but Vermont only allowed their residents to dissolve the civil union. Judges in other states did not approve of the dismissal of the civil unions, since they were not in favor of the idea in the beginning (Moats 245). Some gays did not like the idea of civil unions, because they wanted a marriage like any other person was granted. They saw the civil unions as a way to make the gays not protest as mush as they did, and keep quiet. Many of the people that did pass the civil union act were threaten by the people who opposed the idea. In Vermont there has been no proven evidence that society or the values of the people have been harmed (Moats 264). People do not pick their sexual orientation, and they are born the way everyone else is with the same rights and privileges any other American receives. Gays are discriminated all of the time, and nothing is being done about it. African Americans were first brought to the United States as slaves, but they have come a long way since then. They have the same rights as any white person living in the country. Homosexuals come in all types of color and should not be treated as a second class citizen. Legalizing marriage would only make marriage better off because then people are not forced to marry someone they have little attraction for, and sometimes bring innocent children into a stressful position. Having gay marriages would decrease the divorce rate, because then people would be happier with themselves and who they choose to love. How is it far to them they are not attracted to the opposite sex, and are treated different for that? Who says it is wrong for someone to love another person of the same sex? You can not fight who you are in love with, it is a feeling everyone should be able to find in another person. Isn’t happiness a key ingredient for a healthy marriage? There are many obvious benefits to a homosexual in a same-sex marriage. One benefit is gays would receive full legal equality (Rauch 55). They would receive the same rights as a man and woman marrying. Homosexuals would have the ability to put in law the love and compassion they share for each other. Gay people want to be able to spend the rest of their live wit that one special person and the legalization of gay marriages would allow for that to happen. They want the simple things in life such as living together, caring for another when they are sick and eating dinner every night with that other person. A new level of social acceptance to the gay community is a benefit to the marriage. The couple from a gay marriage benefit like any straight couple: having someone there for you when you need them. No one wants to go through life lonely. When a homosexual asks for marriage they are looking for a different and better kind of life, but really a better kind of love. Gay couples are not in a relationship for just sex, but more for love and affection. Many heterosexuals think that a homosexual’s relationship is based on sex. A benefit to heterosexual society of gay marriage is the fact that the commitment of a marriage means the couples are discouraged from having sex with multiple partners. You read "Marriage amendment in the USA" in category "Essay examples" This has the advantage of slowing the spread of sexually transmitted diseases (Rauch 72). Heterosexuals benefit from gay marriages because gay couples can not have babies of their own they will adopt, or have custody of a child from a previous marriage (Rauch 74). Legalizing same-sex marriage will only strengthen the meaning of marriage, and banning same-sex marriage will weaken marriage. Marriage is for everyone and each one is unique. The Constitution states that everyone is born with equal rights. So why can’t homosexuals share the same rights as heterosexuals in the experience of marriage? People of any sexual orientation should be able to choose who they want to be with. The Government may not approve of same-sex marriage but they should no deny it. Gays are also American citizens with all the same rights. The Fourteenth Amendment states that the law can not deny any persons of equal protection (Sullivan 107). Again, why are the courts denying marriage between same-sex couples? The government does not allow gay couples to file their taxes as a joint, and must file as single taxpayers (Burda 47). Same-sex couples do not benefit from the federal guarantee of payments to a surviving spouse, former spouse, unmarried children, or children that are disabled before age two (Burda 98). They also do not receive joined benefits under Medicare. Government benefits are not able to gay couples, but able to heterosexual couples. There are many arguments against same- sex marriages. Some people believe that marriage should be shared between just a man and women. Others believe that a gay couple can not raise a child normally. Gays are very capable of raising a child just like anyone else. Child molesters are allowed to marry, and bring children into the world, so why can’t a gay couple raise a child when the only thing they will do for the child is show love and commitment. People say that gay relationships are immoral, but to who? The Bible says it is immoral. The freedom we have we can choose what religion we want, and in some religions same-sex relations are celebrated, and not sinned. Another reason why people say same-sex marriage should not be legal is because they can not produce offspring, and continue a generation, but gays do not need to worry about that because there are many babies in the world looking for a good home to go to. Now, in reality the real reasons for why same-sex marriages are not legal: uncomfortable, offends religion, unnatural, betray, repulsive, and recruitment. Some people are just uncomfortable with same-sex couples, usually called a homophobic. Gays are normal people and should be treated like that. America has religious freedom and everyone has their own views on different situations and not all religions are at a disagreement with gay couples. Some people think that it is unnatural for the gay couples to act the way they do. Men believe that when gay men act feminine it betrays their masculine traits they should have. Straight people think it is repulsive to see affection of gay couples, but gay couples also think it is repulsive to see straight couples’s affection. For some reason some people think that gay people go out and look for straight people to make them gay. Someone can not make another person gay; sexual orientation is inborn and can not be changed. Having a fear of being ‘recruited’ is just silly to even think about. Homosexuals should be treated better and not stereotype as second-class citizens. Many homosexuals decide to have a family together, and many adopt since they can not produce with each other. There are many children that are put up for adoption and/or put in foster homes, and now there is a shortage of places to put these children. Now, a lot of gay couples adopt these children to give them a healthy and happy life. There have been proven test showing that same-sex couples turn out to be great parents. Giving a child a loving and nurturing home is how a child should be treated, and gay couples have the ability to treat the child like any other parent would (Drucker 42). There is no evidence that children living in a gay home are less intelligent, suffer problems, less popular, or having a low self-esteem. The children of the homosexual families grow up happy, healthy and well adjusted as if they would in a heterosexual family. If a same-sex adoptive couple separated there are three scenarios that can bee looked at; when both parents are legal parents, when one partner is the legal parent but the law grants some rights to the nonlegal parent, and when the law denies nonlegal parents all rights. When both parents have legal custody over the child they are treated as if they were married because then they handle custody and visitation rights and need to work out through the parents. In the other cases the court says how the child will live with the parents. Many gay parents feel that their children and their parenting will be harder than it really is because of their sexual orientation. Many of the parents are feared about what their neighbors will think of their actions about having a different lifestyle than the social norm. Same-sex parents need to raise their child with gender awareness to live a open minded lifestyle (Brill 107). A number of leading health and child welfare organizations, however, have found that same-sex couples should be able to adopt and raise children. They include the Child Welfare League of America, North American Council on Adoptable Children, American Academy of Pediatrics, American Psychiatric Association, American Psychological Association, and the National Association of Social Workers (Drucker 117). A child being raised by same-sex parents does not cause the child to be homosexual. The parents are aware that there will be many expressions of sexuality, but they are usually more concerned with the personality and personal goodness of a potential mate that they are with their partner’s gender (Drucker 198). Girls that are tomboys and boys that play with dolls don’t necessarily grow up to be gay or a lesbian. For the most part homosexuality is more of an issue for out of the family then the members of the family. Gays and Lesbians have the same equal rights as anyone else in America. We have been born in the United States and instantly granted natural rights. Gay or straight everyone should have the same opportunities and not be denied something they dream for. Allowing same-sex marriage will decrease heterosexual divorces and increase the love people feel for each other because they can be with someone they truly want to be with. The United States holds its head up high when it comes to our constitution and what it stands for, but in reality not everyone is treated equal. It is not right for people to be denied something that they are and not have the same rights as any other person because they did not live like the social norms. America varies in everything from race, religion, and sexual orientation, and everyone needs to be treated as if they were not second class citizens. The pursuit of happiness is in our constitution and for gays and lesbians they should be granted their happiness also, for they are also citizens of this country and need to be treated like they are. References Brill, Stephanie. â€Å"The Queer Parent’s Primer† USA: New Harbinger Publications, Inc. 2001. Burda, Joan M. â€Å"Estate Planning for Same-Sex Couples.† USA: ABA General Practice, Solo Small Firm Section. 2004. Burns, Kate. â€Å"Gay and Lesbian Families† New York: Greenhavens Press. 2005. Cabaj, Robert P. â€Å"On the Road to Same-Sex Marriages.† USA: Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data. 1997. Drucker, Jane. â€Å"Families of Value† New York: Plenum Press. 1998. Lahey, Kathleen. â€Å"Same Sex Marriage† Canada: Insomniac Press. 2004 Moats, David. â€Å"Civil Wars, a Battle for Gay Marriage.† New York: Harcourt, Inc. 2004. Rauch, Jonathan. â€Å"Gay Marriage† New York: Times Books Henry Holt and Company: 2004. Sullivan, Andrew. â€Å"Same-Sex Marriage: Pro and Con† USA: Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data: 1997. How to cite Marriage amendment in the USA, Essay examples

Highly emotional scene Essay Example For Students

Highly emotional scene Essay An Inspector Calls by JB Priestley is a drama in which there is a highly emotional scene. The play is set in 1912 but was written in 1944.  The play begins with the celebration of Sheila Birling and Gerald Crofts engagement. Suddenly, it is interrupted by the arrival of Inspector Goole. He begins asking each family member questions about a girl named Eva Smith who had recently committed suicide. One by one, it is revealed that they all had some involvement with the girl and ultimately, contributed to the girls death. The most emotional scene in the play is when Sheila Birling hears of the horrible death of Eva Smith. As the plot unfolds, she finds herself more involved with her death than previously thought. She then finds out that her fiancà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½e also knew the girl, as he had spent the previous summer with her using her as his mistress.  Sheila, normally a very excitable and complacent girl, immediately becomes upset when she hears of Evas death. (Distressed) I went to the manager at Milwards and I told him that if they didnt get rid of that girl, Id never go near the place again and Id persuade mother to close our account with them.  The stage directions instantly inform us that Sheila is anxious and distraught about what she has done. The long sentence also emphasises the panic and unease she feels as she explains herself. At this point it is clear to see that Sheila is justifying her actions and taking no responsibility.  When Sheila begins to realise that she has done something wrong she takes responsibility and simultaneously, shows hurt and remorse. Yes, but it didnt seem to be anything very terrible at the time. Do you understand? And if I could help her now, I would.  This quote conveys her pleading with her audience. The rhetorical question Do you understand? shows her sheer desperation for forgiveness. She understands she has treated the girl wrongly and wants the Inspector to see it from her point of view. Her regret is genuine. The dialogue shows us that only now, does she see how her behaviour was wrong. At this point, the audience can start to sympathise with Sheila and she did not realise her actions were going to lead to the eventual death of the girl and she is truly sorry. After Sheila calms down, the Inspector goes on to say that Eva Smith then changed her name to Daisy Renton. Sheilas fiancà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½e Gerald startles What? From this response we learn that he too, knew the girl who killed herself. Sheila is angered to find out this news.  Well Gerald? How did you come to know this girl Eva Smith? Daisy Renton then its the same thing? Sheilas interrogation of Gerald shows her despair and impatience to find out the truth. We already knew she had her suspicions and now she wants to get to the bottom of things. The irritable tone of this dialogue highlights the tension and emotion that Sheila is feeling in this scene. It shows how worried she is and is thinking the worst of her fiancà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½e. As an audience, you would feel her angst and want to find out about Geralds involvement with the girl. In conclusion, my analysis has shown that An Inspector Calls by JB Priestley is a play in which there is a highly emotional scene. Throughout the scene, we see an extremely distressed and upset Sheila in contrast to the rather unfeeling older members of the Birling family. This was purposely carried out by Priestley in order to get across his message that hope lies with the younger generation as they have more compassion for one another. He believes that hope for the future lies with the youth of society as they are more open to change and can make the world a more caring one.

Challenging Behavior Dealing with Elementary

Overview When a child obsessed with a particular challenging behavior comes into the limelight of the family and school environment, parents and teachers often find themselves at a loss, sometimes completely incapable of turning things around or assisting the child to behave suitably. Often they encounter feelings of frustration, stress, and defeat (Kaiser Rasminsky 3).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Challenging Behavior: Dealing with Elementary-Level Children with Aggressive Behavior specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Some of the challenging behaviors observed in elementary level children include attention seeking, low self-esteem, withdrawal, aggression, and refusal to cooperate. This paper, however, will concentrate on aggression as a challenging behavior, basing the discussion on comprehensive research and interviews conducted on two teachers of elementary-level children. Aggressive behavior among ch ildren is largely conceived as a byproduct of insecure parent-child attachment especially during the first years of the child’s life, though current research reveals that aggressiveness may also be exhibited due to some innate predispositions (Kaiser Rasminsky 6). From the interviews, it was noted that children with aggressive tendencies have a high risk of school failure, rejection by peers, expulsion from pre-school programmes, and mostly develop punitive and unpleasant contacts with teachers and parents respectively. In the absence, of proper correctional interventions, their adult lives are likely to be characterized by violence, unemployment, depression, and substance abuse. According to the interviews and research, children who are more likely to engage in violent behavior exhibit other characteristics such as severe learning disabilities, aloofness, visual or hearing impairments, socialization difficulties, and sleep disturbances (Male 163). Other indicators, accordin g to Male, include â€Å"†¦attention seeking, demand avoidance, communication problems, stress, interference with routines, and provocation† (163). A common misconception of this behavior is that children are always conscious of what they are doing and, therefore, deserves to be punished. Intervention Strategies Although many teachers report feelings of frustration, upset, exhaustion, anger, and stress when dealing with aggressive children, it is imperative to develop a framework that will utilize problem-solving and understanding capacities to assist the child out of the problem (Male 168).Advertising Looking for research paper on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to the interviews, separating the child from the problem and attempting to comprehensively understand the issues hidden beneath the problem so as to offer practical solutions to the child works in many instances. Research has demonstra ted that aggressive behavior can effectively be prevented when teachers work to comprehend the risk and protective aspects in the minors’ lives and develop a responsive learning environment. Within the family setup, family members needs to understand the child’s situation and the factors behind such aggressive behavior so as to develop a responsive social environment which encourages the child to communicate freely and share problems (Kaiser Rasminsky 23). More importantly, teachers should develop a functional assessment model for the child with aggressive behavior to assist them understand where the behavior comes from, the rationale behind exhibiting such aggressive tendencies, and why the behavior happens at a particular time or when certain conditions exists. It is only by addressing these factors that the problem can be successfully dealt with. The functional assessment strategy should also be extended to the home environment so that the behavior is addressed fro m all fronts (Kaiser Rasminsky 25). When all the factors behind the aggressive behavior have been analyzed, teachers and parents should engage in positive behavior support to reinforce positive behavior and open up avenues through which the child will be able to effectively communicate arising problems and issues. Lastly, the ‘Working Effectively with Violent and Aggressive States’ (WEVAS) approach can be employed to assist teachers and parents recognize the warning indicators of aggressive behavior, perceive issues from the child’s perspective, and effectively match their responses to the needs projected by the child (Kaiser para. 5). The WEVAS approach stresses the use of open and non verbal communication and planned responses to detect and diffuse aggressive behavior before directing the child to behave appropriately. Works Cited Kaiser, B., Rasminsky, J.S. Challenging Behavior in Young Children: Understanding, Preventing and Responding Effectively. New York , NY: Allyn Bacon. 2002.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Challenging Behavior: Dealing with Elementary-Level Children with Aggressive Behavior specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Kaiser, B. Challenging Behavior in Young Children: Understanding, Preventing and Responding Effectively. 2007. Retrieved from http://www.sanguineconsulting.com/workshops/ Male, D. Challenging Behavior: The Perceptions of Teachers of Children and Young People with Severe Learning Disabilities. Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs 3.3 (2003): 162-171. Retrieved from http://www.isec2005.org/isec/jorsen/JORSEN%20Article%203%20-%20ISEC%20Content.pdf This research paper on Challenging Behavior: Dealing with Elementary-Level Children with Aggressive Behavior was written and submitted by user Evelyn Russell to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Adventure around Bangalore Essays

Adventure around Bangalore Essays Adventure around Bangalore Essay Adventure around Bangalore Essay Adventure around Bangalore brief about the topographic points around bangalore where adv activities are possible If one is used to the Bangalore s feverish life one longs to travel to some topographic point which is off from the hustle hustle of the metropolis. The good intelligence is that there rather a few finishs near Bangalore which are frequented by escapade lovers on weekends. Sawan Durga Durga is Fort in Kannada. Savana Durga is one of the nine such garrisons around Bangalore. It is located about 50 km West of Bangalore really near to Magadi. It is dedicated to Goddess Amba. This topographic point is besides important because it has the highest monolith in the full Asia. The monolith rises more than 1000 pess. Merely at its base is a small town named after it. A forest surrounds it and it has been declared as a reserved wood. The topographic point besides has a protected garden of herbs. Stakes clip to see this topographic point is between the months of November to April. Talakad or Talkakadu Talakad lies on the left bank of the river Cauvery. The most important topographic point of tourer involvement is a fourth century temple called Vaideshwara temple. This temple ballad sunken underneath the river bed for several old ages until it was restored to its original province after digging. This topographic point has sand dunes spread all across the part. Every 12 old ages the town comes alive during Panchalinga Darshana which is a gay season. The best clip to come here is anytime of the year.A Shivasamudram ( Shimsha Falls ) If one is wishing for a individual twenty-four hours or a weekend pickup Shivanasamudram can be an ideal choice.A This topographic point is where Cauvery splits into haf and gives rise to two stupefying waterfalls. They ar gaganchukki and barachukki falls. Gaganchukki is situated really near to a dargah. Reaching here is hazardous and swimming even more as the deepness of H2O is unknown and the way is laid with slippery stones. A really short distance off from dargah is Barachukki falls. A really hasty stairway is made out of stones here and a deep pool of H2O is formed here. At the Barachukki falls, coriacle drives are run for a mere Rs. 10. Galibore Situated rather close to Bheemeshwari, Galibore is merely 95 kilometers from Bangalore.It can be a campers site and it has been used extensively for bivouacing earlier. There are legion Terminalia trees here which create the wilderness consequence. There is besides a river here which creates a superb landscape merely like in the pictures. The hills environing the topographic point attention deficit disorder to the already beautiful region.A Wildlife lovers come here often to watch wild elephants drink from the lake and play around every bit good. There are opportunities of spottingA crocodiles, polo-necks and birds of different assortments. Ranganthitu Bird Sanctuary and Balmuri Falls This sanctuary is a superb field day topographic point for households and friends. This is an island made near the Cauvery River near to Srirangapatna which is wehre all the migratory birds come and breed. The site of these birds is one to taste. The activities that are carried out here are boat Tourss which are guided by Texas Ranger ushers. They are a nice manner of detecting birds, otters, chiropterans and crocodiles. The best clip to make a unit of ammunition of this topographic point is between the months of July September. December is when the birds migrate so this is the best clip to come this place.A At Ranganthitu sanctuary, Balmuri Falls are the premier attractive force. Part of a adult male made reservoir, these falls are non precisely one would conceive of ; wild, immense and spurting. They are elusive and when can sit under them easy. Its when 1 is underneath them that is the clip one truly enjoys. The best clip to see this topographic point is in the winters when the H2O in the river is considerable plenty for one to hold soft showers.A Bheemeshwari Bheemeshwari is a hot front-runner as a weekend finish around Bangalore. It besides happens to be popular amongst people who love fishing for Mahseer.A People come here for the sheer love of fishing. One can even angle here. One gets to set up at bungalows built which are epicurean, comfy, built to accommodate a traveler s comfort. There is a Shiva temple besides this topographic point which can be visited during the stay here. Other nearby topographic points to spy see are Sangam, Mekedaatu Waterfalls and besides the Simsha Waterfalls. These are besides topographic points where one can trek to.A Doddamakali Situated 6 kilometer from Bheemeshwari, this beautiful part is a dainty to one s senses. The farness of the topographic point has kept the nature spotless. The topographic point is placid and really peaceable. If one wishes to come here it is necessary to cognize that the remaining installation if limited. The topographic point is aprrox 50 kilometer from Bangalore on the NH 4 highway.A

Comparison of Healthcare, Nursing Care, and Nursing Education in the Research Paper

Comparison of Healthcare, Nursing Care, and Nursing Education in the US and Ireland - Research Paper Example This paper declares that the US spends more money per capita on healthcare than any other nation in the world. In fact a large chunk of the national income is spent on healthcare every year. Considering the very high cost of healthcare in the United States, the country has the third highest healthcare budget in the world. Irrespective of the gargantuan healthcare expenditure, when it comes to parameters like infant mortality and life expectancy, the US tends to fall behind other developed nations. Though there are many government funded healthcare programs, yet they are mostly limited to the veterans, the elderly, the poor, children, and disabled This essay stresses that in contrast to the United States, Ireland does affiliate to the provision of universal and compulsory healthcare. The healthcare in Ireland is administered and managed as per the provisions of the Health Act 2004. This act brought into existence a statutory body called the Health Service Executive, which is responsible for providing Universal Healthcare to everyone living in Ireland. There also exist private healthcare facilities in Ireland. The Health Service Executive runs a vast network of health centers scattered across the cities and rural areas of Ireland that are capable of extending a wide range of primary healthcare services. The Health Service Executive also runs and operates many hospitals in Ireland. There also are many hospitals run by voluntary and non-governmental organizations (Tassing, 2006). Most of the hospitals in Ireland are capable of providing a complete range of healthcare and emergency services. Most of the healthcare payments in Irel and are funded by the state. Because of

Pre-Self Assessment Survey Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Pre-Self Assessment Survey - Essay Example Basic assessment is the horsepower towards self-assessment and scrutiny (Ersegovac 2008). In the journey towards literacy, one ought to sit down and start contemplating on their abilities, their respective faults notwithstanding. Thus, after assessing, one is prone to mapping the means forward. This exercise is engaging and one ought, to be honest, and ready to begin problem solving and rectification whenever it deems necessary in the course of the activity. Create a culture. Information Literacy This is the ability of an individual to point out when there is a need for specific information/intelligence, procure it, evaluate it and further utilize it for solving the quandary/problem at hand. Information intelligence/literacy is an upper hand resource and a major advantage/competency to those individuals who possess it, since; the information literacy expertise is used to, effectively, enhance intelligent levity in a particular society (Bothma, et al 2008). At contemporary times in a society that is overtly informational, one ought to possess the literacy to uphold competency and hoist his/her socio-economic banner. This extends that these individuals brighten up in terms of information literacy; therefore, obtaining an added advantage/upper hand in the procurement of the intelligence they require solving their issues. Over recent times, the idea of information Literacy has been incorporated into the society in the practitioner fields to enhance rapid solutions to student’s dilemmas. It has been applied in the libraries and high education agencies in proper management, since; it has been reiterated and perceived to be extremely beneficial and foolproof to minor challenges in the management of academic agencies that are extremely fragile to minor blunders (Brine 2009). Over time, it has been dubbed as the way to socio-culture-economic affluence in a civilized and organized society of the modern world. Pre-Self Assessment Survey In my entire learning proces s in this institution, I have had numerous experiences regarding and resulting from my failures and abilities.  

The stochastic Poisson model Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The stochastic Poisson model - Essay Example The Poisson process is a stochastic process, which describes events that occur independently from one another and continuously. Stochastic processes are part of probability theory and are used to describe random processes. They are based on a level of indeterminacy, which means that the final outcome is unknown although some paths and outcomes are more likely than others. (Doob, 1953) The Stochastic Poisson model has been used to describe processes like rainfall, the telephone calls that arrive at a switchboard, radioactive decay of atoms, and the page views of a website. Its use to describe the decision making of a juror is a relatively new and exotic application. When applied to decision making a Poisson process can be catalogued as special case of renewal theory (Cox, 1962). This model was proposed by Thomas and Hogue (1976) as a descriptive model in juror decision making. The model describes the jurors choice making as a two step process. In the first place the juror must consider the evidence to create a final estimate of the weight of the case against or for the defendant. Secondly, each juror has an individual decision criterion that allocates the apparent weight of evidence into "for" and "against" decision zones. According to this model a juror will only decide against a defendant if the weight of evidence exceeds his personal decision criterion. This means that the confidence of a juror in any particular decision will be a mathematical function of the distance between the apparent weight of the evidence and their personal decision criterion. The further away these parameters are the stronger the confidence of the juror in a particular decision. The indeterminacy of this process lies in the assumption that the apparent weight of evidence, or the perception of the weight of evidence, is randomly distributed among jurors. Thomas and Hogues (1976) decided to use an exponential probability density function to describe the way jurors arrived at a

Ready-Made Garments (RMG) Sector Of Bangladesh

Ready-Made Garments (RMG) Sector Of Bangladesh Introduction: Entirely export oriented Ready-Made Garments (RMG) sector of Bangladesh has experienced a noteworthy enhancement since its commencement in last half of 1970s. Strangely enough, though this major industry is now totally based on private entrepreneurial efforts, its inauguration was rooted into an export consignment of Shirt which was done by Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB), the state operated trading agency, in mid ‘70s. The export consignment held with some East-European countries. However, the entrance of private entrepreneurs in this sector gifted it with a tremendous boost. Background: Reformed domestic policy and the international Multi-Fiber Agreement (MFA) are the key procedures that ameliorated the condition of Bangladeshi RMG export (Quddus and Rashid, 2000). In the decade of ‘80s, Bangladesh adopted a modification in national economic policy to run its economy under the tutelage of World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF). Establishment of Export Processing Zones (EPZ) channeled foreign direct investment in this sector (Bhattacharya, et al., 2001, p.2-26). Money-spinning facilities like cash assistance, income tax rebate, freight and power rate rebate, tax holiday, loans at lower rate, provision of back to back Letter of Credit (LC), guarantee scheme for export credit, decreasing interest rate in export credit, reducing harbor charges, bond facilities for warehouse, duty free imports of raw materials and productive machineries, were offered to export oriented RMG industries (Mayumi, 2004) The MFA was an agreement of World Trade Organization (WTO), done in 1974 which set quotas for export of textile and garments related products from the developing countries (Rahman, 2004). Under this agreement, USA and Canada, the then largest RMG importers, imposed quota restrictions and maintained a limit in importing products from countries such as Hong Kong, Singapore, Thailand, South Korea, Sri-Lanka, India, Taiwan, Malaysia and Indonesia. Moreover, some countries had also major internal problems, like, sudden increase in labor cost in Sri-Lanka (Siddiqui, 2003). As a result, for minimizing the cost, the importers started looking for alternative sources and Bangladesh became a lucrative source for them for facilities like low labor cost and large export quotas (Wigg, 1990, p.154-159). Bangladesh received preferential treatment by USA and European Union, as a less developed country. Paradoxically, within 1985, Bangladesh appeared as a giant in international apparel sector and beca me a major competitor for the suppliers in USA, Canadian and European market. Thus, the bed rock of this major industry of Bangladesh was set down and slowly gradually this industry has become the core of the national economy. Later, RMG sector also received other facilities like Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) from USA and UK. Major problems of RMG industry of Bangladesh: In spite of being the main source of the money stream in internal economy of Bangladesh, the Ready-Made Garments sector is in continuous threat by some major and crucial factors. As a result, the whole sector is in risk and in a volatile situation which may disgracefully collapse the whole sector as well as the country’s economy. These problems or threats can be categorized in following sections: Critical political condition In-apt workers Lack of proper in-work precautionary security measures Workers Dissatisfaction i. Critical political condition: Internal political instability and security threats due to such instable condition has become a serious concern for the RMG industry. If we focus on recent situation, only during the political unrest in October and November, 2013, this industry had to count a loss of minimum TK. 2000 corer and orders worth $2.40 million were cancelled by the buyer only in first ten days of December, 2013. Moreover, due to the rail-road blockade, the exporters had to do air shipment which also compelled them to bear an extra expense of $0.9 million. For delayed shipment the exporters experienced a price cut by $4.65 million as orders valuing $6.6 million were supplied in delay (Bangladesh Sangbad Sangstha, December 12, 2013). ii. In-apt worker: Bangladesh is now a major competitor in international RMG market. This makes it compulsory to maintain the quality of the product. Quality control in production unit largely depends on time to time training and workshop programs organized for the workers. But, ironically, such initiatives are absent in Bangladesh. As a result, the qualities of the products are degrading which sometimes result in cancellation of the consignment and creates a negative image in the international market. iii. Lack of proper in-work precautionary security measures: The most serious issue regarding the RMG sector of Bangladesh is most of the factories lack proper safety measures against any unwanted perils. This is making the working zone immensely risky which also violates the rules and regulations of International Labor Organization (ILO). Such irresponsible attitude of the factory owners is the key reason behind many accidents in recent years which have taken great tolls of life. In past 11years, approximately 730 workers were blazed and killed and about 4700 workers were injured in several fire accidents in garments factories. The amount of deaths and casualties in building collapse is numerous. Only in the building collapse on April 24, 2013 of Rana Plaza in Savar, 1,130 people were reported to be dead and approximately 2,515 injured people were reported to be rescued from the building (New Age, April, 2013). Continuous accidents like Spectrum Sweater Industries, Phoenix Garments, Smart Export Garments, Tazreen Fashion, Garib Garib, Matrix Sweater, Ha-Meem Group and many more has made the foreign buyers too much concerned about the issue. iv. Workers Dissatisfaction: The RMG sector has faced several incidents of strikes by the workers for the issue of inadequate payment. The workers belong to the lower income group of the society. Although, this sector is the backbone of the country’s economy, the radar of the sector, the workers, are not even paid the minimum to keep their heart and soul together. The sector became volatile due to labor unrest for the first time in 2006 and since then it has become a regular phenomenon. In 2006 the unrest condition was mitigated by discussion with the labor representatives and the minimum pay rate was decided to be Tk. 1662.50. But the agitation aroused again in 2010 and the rate was revised to Tk. 3000 per month which came into effect in November 2010 (The Daily Star Forum, August 2012). But, if we consider the current inflation and living cost, the logical minimum wage should be higher. According to Center for Policy Dialogue (CPD), the minimum wage of a worker is shown below: Issues Tk. Daily Food Costs (average of male and female) 108 Monthly Food Costs 3240 Monthly Non-Food Costs (52% of total cost as per the FGD) 3510 Food + Non Food Costs 6750 Required Monthly Minimum Wage=(Food costs + Non-food costs) 6750 *Moazzem, K.G. and Raz, S., 2013, Revision of the minimum wage in RMG sector, pp.28. Conclusion: In current perspective, RMG sector is the lifeblood of the economy of Bangladesh. Both GDP and GNP depend on this sector. As a result, for the betterment of the national economy it’s must to strive to alleviate the problems of this sector. Moreover, the sector currently employs about 4.2 million workers whose fate directly depends on the existence of RMG sector. References: Moazzem, K.G. and Raz, S., 2013. Revision of the minimum wage in RMG sector, pp.28 Mridha, R.U., 2012, Causes of RMG unrest. The Daily Star Forum, [internet] August  Available at: http://archive.thedailystar.net/forum/2012/August/rmg.htm  [Accessed 4 March 2014] Alamgir, M. and Haque, M., 2013. RMG workers killed in fires, factory collapses in 11 years. The Daily New Age, [internet] 25 April  Available at: http://www.newagebd.com/detail.php?date=2013-04-25nid=47200  [Accessed 4 March 2014]

Human Nature/Cycles of Life and Escape and Adventure :: Essays Papers

Human Nature/Cycles of Life and Escape and Adventure Throughout the life everyone goes through cycles of events that inevitably lead them to new directions in life. It leaves one wanting to explore a life greater than what he or she has. Such cycles can include the creation of new friendships, longing for love or lust, boredom or simply wanting something more from life. In the book Dubliners by James Joyce, stories of escape and adventure are clearly evident in "Araby" and "Eveline" and "The Dead". Each story presents a desire to search for something greater in life and to leave something behind. But the idea of escaping from something or someone, or reaching a new place, is impeded by their situation [Dublin]. In the story Araby, a young man looks to embark on a new journey that with the hopes of pleasing his new found desire for romantic intimacy with a particular girl. The boy's adventure lies in going to a place called Araby to find a gift for this girl that he is trying to impress. If I go, he says, I will bring you something" (24). Joyce uses the cycle's theme in this story. At some point in time in life everyone finds some person that he or she likes and hope to impress in some way. A lot of times it happens more than once; most of the time a token of our attempt to "woo" a special someone is through gifts, usually materials, which he clearly wants to do in the story. Joyce clearly shows the boy's desire to adventure, through his willingness to impress this girl by going to a bazaar to search for her a gift and that seems to be all he can think of for quite some time; "I hardly had any patience with the serious work of life which, now that it stood between me and my desire, seemed to me child's play, ugly monotonous" (24). He also has this idea about the bazaar form hearing other people talk about it. Another cycle the boy in Araby is going through is dealing with sexuality; "All my senses seemed to desire to veil themselves and, feeling that I was about to slip them, I pressed the palms of my hands together until they trembled" (23) A bazzar is the equivalent to a modern day Mardi Gras. Joyce uses the bazaar to symbolize, exotic delights, escape, and sensuality. Joyce uses the description of the event to represent this mode; "In front of me was a large building which displayed the magical name" (26). The boy's infatuation with this girl leaves him with fantasies about the girl

Poltical Timeline in Indonesia

1803 – First phase of  Padri War * Began in 1803 prior to Dutch Intervention and lasted until 1825 * also called the  Minangkabau War * a conflict that had broken out in Minangkabau state between the so called  adat  and  padri  religious factions. The Adats were  Minangkabau  traditionalists who wanted to continue to include indigenous pre-Islamic religious practices and social traditions in local custom (Islam Abangan). The Padris, like contemporaneous jihadists in the  Sokoto Caliphate  of West Africa), were  Islamist  reformers who had made the  hajj  to Mecca and returned  inspired to bring the Qur'an and  shariah  to a position of greater influence in Sumatra. * The Dutch intervened from 1821 and helped the Adats defeat the Padri faction. 1806 – British and Dutch went to war 1811-1816 – Thomas Stamford Raffles is Lieutenant-Governer of Java (East India   Company officer– British) 1816 – British handed Indonesia back to the Dutch Many Indonesians resisted the return of the Dutch. However the Dutch eventually defeated them and regained control 1825 – The Java War * Happened in Central Java * led by Pangeran Diponegoro (the eldest son of the sultan of Yogyakarta) * initial cause: The Dutch wanted to build a road across Diponegoro's property that  had a sacred tomb in it. * war ended with Dutch victory in 1830 1831 – Second Phase of Pad ri War * Lasted until 1838 1870-1900 – The Liberal Period 1873-1913 – The Aceh War was an armed military conflict between theSultanate of Aceh  and the  Netherlands  which was triggered by discussions between representatives of Aceh and the U. S. inSingapore  during early 1873. The war was part of a series of conflicts in the late 19th century that consolidated Dutch rule over modern-day  Indonesia, concurrent with the  1906  and the  1908  interventions in  Bali 1879 – Kartini  was born in  Jepara, today the date is commemorated as women's emancipation day in Indonesia. Raden Ayu   Kartini, (21 April 1879 – 17 September 1904), or sometimes known as  Raden Ajeng Kartini, was a prominent  Javanese  and an  Indonesian  national heroine. Kartini is known as a pioneer in the area of  women's rights  for native Indonesians. 1894 – Lombok War *   The Dutch looted and destroyed the Cakranegara palace of  Mataram . [46]  J. L. A. Brandes, a Dutch philologist discovered and saved  Nagarakretagama  manuscript in Lombok royal library. 1898 – General van Heutz  becomes chief of staff of Aceh campaign and Wilhelmina  becomes queen of the Netherlands.

Latex products in the work pla

Latex products in the work pla Over the last decade, many employees have developed allergies related to the use of latex. "The employees affected have mainly been found in healthcare, food services and in beauty services." As employees in these areas, as well as other areas have learned of the potential risk from the contraction of disease leading to death, caused by the exposure to bodily fluids, they have realized that the use of products to stop the exposure is absolutely essential. This has substantially increased and spread the use of latex products, mainly gloves. "The use of so many is very costly, so many employees turned to third world countries who produce a cheaper, untreated latex, which although it cannot be blamed alone for the development of latex allergies, does contribute to the problem." The repeated use of latex in the work place can lead to allergies that affect the worker's ability to function both at work and at home.Disposable gloves; Einmalhandschuhe, medizinische ..."The allergies develope d can result in degree from a minor irritation to an anaphylactic shock. Out of the many types of allergic reactions only two types, Type I and Type IV have been observed as being related to latex. Type IV reactions have proved to be a response to additives used by the manufacturer. They are uncomfortable, but not life threatening. This is the opposite of Type I reactions. Type I reactions are caused by an antibody called IgE which recognizes the cause of the allergy from previous exposure." "The Type I allergens in latex products exist naturally. They remain in the latex during processing. Three proteins found to be involved with the latex allergies are Kd-14, Kd-20 and Kd-27. The proteins can be airborne through powder residue on the gloves, so they can be transmitted through the air. The proteins are also water-soluble. The...

Causes of Global warming

Causes of Global warming Thesis Global warming is the increase in the earth’s atmospheric temperatures due to a corresponding increase in the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), for example carbon dioxide (CO2) and chlorofluorocarbons, which creates a ‘greenhouse’ effect: the retention of solar energy in the atmosphere due to the prevention of its escape by the ‘ceiling’ created by GHGs (Climate Research Board, 78).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Causes of Global warming specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The increase of the temperatures is one of the major causes of climate change. This can be observed by the high frequency by which heat waves occur; rainfall quantities have become more intense; and an increase in the intensity of severe climate incidents. This paper seeks to illustrate how human activities like the burning of large capacities of fossil energy have caused an increase in the GHGs that subseq uently accelerate the negative effects to the environment and consequently the health of the earth’s flora and fauna (Climate Research Board, 99). Causes of global warming An increase in the emission of GHGs is the main cause of global warming; this paper will discuss how specific gases contribute to the total effect and which natural phenomena and human activities produce these gases. This paper will discuss the major GHGs and aerosols: Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Methane (CH4) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) Aerosols Carbon Dioxide (CO2) The burning of coal and oil are the major producers of carbon dioxide emissions. The United States is one of the major emitters of carbon dioxide. This is due to the use of power plants that burn coal to produce energy. The United States emitted 24 percent of the total carbon dioxide emissions in 1998.Advertising Looking for essay on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Emerging nations like China and India are also increasingly emitting more carbon dioxide due to the use of coal. Methane (CH4) Methane emission sources include seepages from pipelines used to transport natural gas, the burning of biomass, seepages from the processes of mining for fossil energy, the decay caused by bacteria in sewages and dumpsites. Methane is also emitted naturally by the decomposition of organic materials in wetlands. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) CFCs are compounds that contain fluorine, carbon and chlorine. They are industrially manufactured and have no naturally occurring sources. CFCs are mainly used as refrigerants. CFCs contribute to global warming by bringing about the ozone layer breakdown, thus exposing the earth to harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun. CFCs do not dissolve in water and are inert. This causes to have a long span of life, thus their effects on the atmosphere can to up to several hundred years. Aerosols Aerosols refer to minute solid elements or liquid globules that are suspended in a gas. Smog and the air pollutants are examples of aerosols. Albeit aerosols are not GHGs, they contribute to the effects of global warming because the particles in an aerosol reduce the reflectivity of the aerosol (Mank, 2). This causes a reduction of atmospheric cover (since aerosols are major component of clouds), thus increasing warming.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Causes of Global warming specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Conclusion Human activities are the some of the major contributors to greenhouse gases, which in turn cause an increase in the earth’s temperatures. Albeit some of the temperature increases may be obscured by the increasingly unpredictable climatic changes, if the emissions of these gases continues at current rates the impact of global warming will become even more pronounced and severe (Mank, 7). This paper concludes that unless meas ures are taken to control the greenhouse gases emissions, the average temperature of the earth may reach levels that never been experienced before. Climate Research Board, Carbon Dioxide and Climate: Scientific Assessment, National Academy of Sciences, Washington DC, 1979. Mank, Bradford, â€Å"Standing and Global Warming: Is Injury to All Injury to None?† Environmental Law 35:1-10, 2005.

Reflection on assessment feedback Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Reflection on assessment feedback - Essay Example I had made slides for my students in a simple manner that even a layman could understand solely because I dint know the audience at all hence could not judge whether they would be from a nursing background or not. Based on my previous efforts in giving a slide based lecture, I minimized the use of visual aids since they tend to distract the audience away from the topic. These slides gave general information about spinal cord compression that might help any adult responsible for health education and increase there knowledge about this complication and how to prevent it. Although it was a hard job for me not to include nursing jargons, I managed it by using various websites that gave me non-technical terminologies. The students were given reading exercises where they had to comprehend the general patient information and present their individual’s group work by the end of the session. Since each group will take responsibility for each section in the educational session, the learning and comprehension of the information will increase manifold as compared to if the information was just fed to them. Acting and group based learning, according to me, is vital for student participation, confidence and learning. My real role began after this when I had to act my role in front of the students. I asked the students to form themselves into groups and decide on a topic that they would like to present. Making these groups was the most difficult part for me here since this was an entirely new experience for me. When I tried to force one person to go to a group, there would be wide protests maybe because some people weren’t conformable forming groups with certain people (Hunter, 1995). After using various combinations, groups were formed and I made a mental note that I would have to practice this before another one of these group formations arrive. After each section was assigned to the groups, I opened the discussion where I explained

Assessing and Managing Patients with Musculoskeletal Conditions Article

Assessing and Managing Patients with Musculoskeletal Conditions - Article Example The journal, which is the focus of this critique, is entitled "Assessing and Managing Patients with Musculoskeletal Conditions", written by Nicola L. Judge. It was published in the Nursing Standard last September 2007. The journal dealt with how a nurse should assess patients presenting with musculoskeletal conditions. Some of the aims of this journal were for the readers understand the pathology of several common musculoskeletal conditions as well as the principles of common symptom management. The population discussed in this journal is musculoskeletal patients, and these would include athletes or people who engage themselves in an active lifestyle.Judge gave important anatomy and physiology concepts regarding the musculoskeletal system such as the type, classification and function of muscles, bones, ligaments and joints. The author also discussed common musculoskeletal conditions such as osteroarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteroporosis, fractures and sports injuries.Judge (200 7) also considered examination techniques and principles of nursing care. The health assessment procedures stated in this journal includes some of the most important information to ask the patient during history taking. The author stated that the cause, whether it is traumatic or non-traumatic should be first established. Next, the onset of the symptom, whether it is acute or gradual and the severity, pertaining to the extent of the affectation should be asked. Any precipitating and relieving factors should also be noted.

Critical Response of the Jordanian Government Published a Code of Essay

Critical Response of the Jordanian Government Published a Code of Conduct Regulating Relations between the Media and the Governm - Essay Example If the spirit of text is to be followed, it clearly makes a demarcation between media and the government so that the media is guaranteed with a freedom of expression as stipulated in the Constitution of Jordan. It even went into details as to prohibit government in providing â€Å"the provision of financial incentives or in-kind designed to influence the journalists or the media and work on the subject of any practice inconsistent with the laws and the Charter of the press approved by the JPA†. This meant that government and its agencies are prohibited to give bribes to media in any form or kind that will influence its function as a press agency out of fear of black mail or to pursue its own popularity by influencing media through incentives. The text also circumscribed the state’s power of the purse to ensure that it does not influence media by the leverage of its ad placement. To prevent this, it directs its â€Å"departments and institutions through a direct purchas e from the market† to ensure that it will not meddle with the media that would compromise its independence. Meaning, government and its agencies will buy its subscriptions from the market and not through the free subscription given by the media. The guideline also prohibits government institution from employing any entity from the media to prevent it from having a close relation with the press which might induce it to influence the press. It ensures the objectivity of the media by guaranteeing, through the guidelines, that the media as an institution is separate and apart from the government and thus independent. Again, if the spirit of these guidelines is to be strictly followed, it can be considered as revolutionary in terms of upholding press freedom in Jordan because government is distancing itself from the media to ensure its independence and objectivity that can be likened to the code of regulations that govern the press in non-Arab countries. The text might have been th e original draft of the National Agenda Committee which was a response of the government to prevent any similar uprising in Jordan that happened in its neighbouring countries. It is important to note that in March 7, 2011 hundreds of Jordanian journalists emboldened by the wave of Arab uprisings in Egypt and Tunisia demanded an end to government’s curtailment of media freedom in Jordan (al-Khalidi 2011). There is a big probability that the draft was just a political move of the government to quell a possible uprising in Jordan and did not necessarily mean it. The draft was obviously not final because a month after the publication of such guidelines, Daoud Kuttab, a prominent journalist from Al Arabiya was called by the National Agenda Committee headed by Marwan Muasher in April of 2011 to consult his opinion in the government’s initiative â€Å"to design a strategic media plan† (Kuttab a 2011). Series of meetings happened after the initial meeting where a sugges tion to adopt a media council and ending the mandatory membership in journalist association were adopted. â€Å"The new strategy also recommended revision of a dozen or so laws related to the media† (Kuttab a 2011). The progressive initiative to uphold media independence and freedom was however temporary as a draft of Press and Publications Law was also forced through the Cabinet in parallel to the strategic media plan. The draft of the Press and Publica

University Thrust Essay Example for Free

University Thrust Essay A Thrust is a broad statement of intended strategic actions. The statement should provide a â€Å"compelling theme that knits together otherwise independent activities and focuses the energies of functional groups on things that matter in the market. † A thrust is intended to create a broad, sharedunderstanding of what strategic actions are intended in planning. Universities around the world must maintain their focus in providing quality education. The institutions’ programs and activities are embedded in its thrust to achieve their vision- mission and objective. A Thrust, when referred to an institution, means as the powerful force in leading the institution in its desired disposition. According to Prof. Edwin L. Apawan, a faculty of College of Education in Notre Dame University, University Thrust is embedded in its philosophy translated to its vision-mission and articulated in its goals and paradigms. In an educational institution, Thrust is very much important for it is the reason why it runs. Everything that the institution does is anchored from its thrust. In Notre Dame University, being an educational institution has cited its University Thrust namely: Formation, Instruction, Research and Extension (FIRE). The focus of the study is to know the Thrust specifically in the field of Instruction and Extension and whether if it is running in the Teachers Education Program in Notre Dame University. Instruction is defined by Saylor and his colleagues as â€Å"the actual engagements of learners with planned learning opportunities; thus, instruction can be thought as the implementation of the curriculum plan† cited by Aquino, 1986. The higher education institution must exhibit a continuing quest for excellence in instruction through the quality of its educational programs, outstanding achievements of its students, and above national average performance in the majority of the programs offered requiring government instructions. While each constituent units may have its own thrust in extension that responds to their service area, it may institute mechanisms for the coordination and integration of these activities for more effective use of resource and in order to achieve bigger goals (Sarmiento III, 2009). The University, being a storage, generator, and disseminator of knowledge, should make an impact on the community within its reach. Although its graduates will naturally be involved in the development of the community where they work and live, there are a lot more people who were not able to have formal university training, and the need outside help to make them productive members of the community. The higher education institution must have credible outreach programs which may take the form of continuing education, application of the research results community services, and many others. The study aims to assess the operation of the Notre Dame University Thrust if it is being worked out in the Teachers Education Program of the said institution among its students. Statement of the Problem The study aims to determine if the University Thrust, particularly in the field of Instruction and Extension are really working in the Teachers Education Program as assessed by the third and fourth year students of the College of Education, Notre Dame University in the School Year 2012- 2013. Specifically, this aims to answer the following questions: 1. What is the profile of the students as to their age, sex and year level? 2. How will the respondents assess if the University Thrust, particularly Instruction and Extension arein reality operating in the Teachers Education Program in terms of: a. ) Instruction delivery by the College Faculty; b. ) Community extension Programs initiated by the College; and c. ) Involvement of the College to community exposures? 3. How is University Thrust been able to run in Teachers Education Program? Significance of the Study The study will tell if the University Thrust is working in the College. The assessment of the University Thrust in the Teachers Education Program is important among the Administrator, Faculty, and the Students of theCollege of Education. Administrator Knowing the Thrust runs in the college or not, may help the Administrators become aware of the college’s needs and problems regarding the implementation of the programs and activities that fulfill the operations of the University Thrust especially in the field of Instruction and Extension. As a result, the Administrators will be able to plan programs and activities for the College that will be anchored from the two specific University Thrusts. Faculty The result of the study will help the teaching staff be aware if their instruction is anchored to the desired criteria suggested by the University Thrust in the area of Instruction. This would help them whetherthey will espouse, amend, and seek new ways in delivering their instruction that would fit and reach the expected outcome attached from the criteria. The study will also help the teaching staff in incorporating and integrating Community Extension related activitiesin their teaching approach, strategy, method, and technique. This will help them achieve the criteria recommended by the Community Extension. Students The students’ assessment will indicate certain strengths and weaknesses in the variables considered in the study. This would help in the improvement of the programs and activities in developing them accordingly, especially driven by the University Thrust. Scope and Limitation The study is concerned with the assessment of the University Thrust, FORMATION, INSTRUCTION, RESEARCH, and EXTENSION (FIRE), if it is conveyed in the Teachers Education Program in Notre Dame University. Its focus is specifically in the field of INSTRUCTION and EXTENSION. This would tell if these two Thrusts are actively operating in the College: if students are aware of the University Thrust (FIRE); if the programs and activities conducted in the College are attached with these specific Thrusts (FIRE); and if the teaching staff’s delivery of their instruction, as perceived by the students, is anchored in the desired outcome suggested by the Thrust. Furthermore, the respondents are limited only among the third and fourth year students enrolled in the College of Education for the School Year 2012-2013. Definition of Terms To process the understanding of discussion in this study, the following terms are herewith defined operationally: University refers to Notre Dame University as an educational institution. University Thrust refers to the FIRE (Formation, Instruction, Research, Extension); the driving force of Notre Dame University as an educational institution which is embedded from its objectives and paradigms; it intends to create a broad, shared understanding of what strategic actions are intended in planning; it is where the university’s programs and activities are inclined. Administration refers to those who organizes and operates activities, programs, educational planning and curriculum in the Teachers Education Program. Faculty refers to the teaching staff who implements and supervises the University Thrust, specifically the Instruction and Extension. Students refers to the third and fourth year students of the College of Education; the ones who will simplify the realization and utilization of the University Thrust that was being translated by the Administrators and Faculty. Instruction refers as one of the University Thrust which is focused on the Curriculum and other learning opportunities involved; as the word itself defines, it is the programs of studies done. Extension refers also as one of the University Thrust which is concerned with the activities held outside the Institution; also refers to the community involvement and community service. Chapter II Review on Related Literature This chapter contains the summary of relevant concepts, ideas, and research findings as well as conceptual framework. Related Literature. Topics discussed include the following: Thrust as the driving force of an institution; Instruction and Extension as Thrust of an educational institution; Administration and Faculty’s role in the operation of Thrust in the Teachers Education Program. Thrust as the driving force of an institution Business, government, educational, and many other institutions run because of a driving force that enables to do. In an interview, Dr. Joel Genzon of Notre Dame of Cotabato, Inc. , said that â€Å"Thrust is a driving force that provides the meaning why an institution carries out a certain action or   work. This action or work is commonly known as the one that strengthens its foundation that enables an institution fulfill its Vision-Mission. † In an interview with Prof. Elsa C. Tamse, the Executive Assistant to the President of Notre Dame University, she defined Thrust as the direction and guide of the school for a particular school year that will help in the attainment of the vision of the school. It is anchored with the vision and mission of the school or university. This is being reviewed and changed to meet the particular vision the school wants to attain. It is also in the Thrust that the strategies are crafted so that the mission will operate to achieve the school’s vision for the year. Instruction Instruction is defined by Saylor and his colleagues as â€Å"the actual engagements of learners with planned learning opportunities; thus, instruction can be thought as the implementation of the curriculum plan (Aquino, 1986). The program of studies required and implemented by the university should have well defined and clearly stated objectives and learning outcomes and should meet prescribed standards. The teaching and learning process used in instruction should be appropriate, varied, and should facilitate the wholistic development of the students. The process should reflect to the institutions’ teaching learning framework. Learning should be available inside and outside the classroom. Variety of teaching-learning strategies should be used. For an effective instruction the teaching-learning environment should be conducive. It should be well-equipped and can offer comfort and can accommodate a number of students per session. The learning outcomes of the academic program should be well-defined. Instructional supervision program should exist that includes practical measures: requirement of syllabi, informal dialogues with students and faculty, class visitations, and evaluation of text examinations. Faculty should encourage students to join activities such seminars and educational associations that would help them in developing their instruction. Students should be oriented on the availability of academic guidance and counseling. This is for them to be guided by their instructors if there are some difficulties they are encountering with the delivery of instruction by their teachers (PAASCU). Extension One of the important functions of a higher education institution is to have an Extension program. Vis-a-vis instruction and in light of recent technology advancement, extension complements and fills in the gaps left by instruction especially for those who, for multifarious reasons, cannot access formal instruction to gain individual information (Wakat, 2010). The university being storage, generator, and disseminator of knowledge, should make an impact on the community within its reach. Although its graduates will naturally be involved in the development of the community where they work and live, there are a lot more people who were not able to have formal university training, and the need outside help to make them productive members of the community. It is in this light that the university has the Community Involvement. This acts as the university’s arm in directly reaching out to the people in the community who need help – technical, financial and moral- to improve their living conditions. This mandate is carried out by means of programs like: training and non-formal education. This is done through non-degree training programs, extending financial assistance, if possible. Through Extension the university shall contribute to the development of empowered citizenry capable of making the rational decisions pertaining to the improvement of their livelihood, work productively and efficiently, and be confident part of the mainstream society in their community. Generally, Extension service is the process by which technology and innovation are transferred to an identified clientele with ultimate objective of improving the way of life of the people. Then Senate President Marcelo B. Fernan defined extension service as a concept that encompasses people empowerment and human resource development geared towards human capital enhancement, and technology and facilities diffusion among the â€Å"masang† Pilipino, if not, the poorest of the poor. (www. mseuf. edu. ph, 2012) Community involvement should be one of the basic aspects of the University. This is accurate and true, most especially in a progressing country like the Philippines, where community involvement may be matched to the total effort whereby the university relates itself to national, regional and local imperatives of development. The university, in educating citizenship, should implement not just through academic and professional programs through the pursuit of the fundamental objective of total human formation. It should also include a necessary social aspect. In so applying, it should maintain the focus on the academic, the professional and the personal development. A university that is exposed to community involvement actually enhances pride, dignity, and integrity, extends its identity and achieves greater and larger goal. In the attainment of this goal, such services will take place in the community through programs conducted in the expansion of the university. The community involvement of the university must consist not only about building community awareness and producing graduates in the professions or vocations where they can serve their communities competently and they may achieve personal upliftment. It must also include guiding and motivating students, faculty and staff towards community service and give them chance to be exposed to the community and actual service and to make them more sensitive to extension as an integral part of instruction and research; to establish the structure that will ensure coordination, communication, planning, linkages and monitoring of extension programs; To establish necessary infrastructure to sustain the extension program of the University; to integrate extension into both curricular and co-curricular activities; to formulate clear-cut policies on extension among the various sectors/colleges in the University: and to strengthen coordination and cooperation between and among sectors. The university’s commitment to community service and development should be carried out through projects and activities, which are well planned, organized, implemented, evaluated and supported by the school (PAASCU). Community involvement is an institutional community extension program whose commitment is towards community service and development. It works hard to the conscientization of men and women, equitable distribution of benefits and provision of equal access to opportunities through the optimal use of resources and human expertise in organized cooperative effort. It achieves such through giving of technical assistance in the form of functional education, community organizing, health programs, cooperative formation, capability building, women in development, income generating project and technical assistance. The role of Administrators and Faculty in the operation of Thrust in the Teachers Education Program Administration The Administration of a certain institution plays a very important and has specific roles. It undertakes to be accountable to be efficient and effective when it comes in managing and facilitating the institution especially in administering the instruction and extension as the two of the University Thrust, to its constituents. For an administration shall: * Develop and maintain a school atmosphere conducive to the promotion and preservation of academic freedom and effective teaching and learning to harmonious and progressive school-personnel relationship; * Assume and maintain professional behavior in his work and in his dealings with students, teachers, academic non-teaching personnel and administrative staff; * Render adequate report to teachers, academic non-teaching personnel, and non-academic staff on their actual performance in relation to their expected performance and counsel them on ways to improve the same; * Understand the curriculum and instructional processes of the institution (Aquino, 1986); * And conduct public services where it can be the training ground for young men and women to develop leadership qualities, civic involvement, community participation, training in management and other non- academic areas (Franco, 1994). The following are stated as the expected roles and responsibilities that the Administration should execute in order to pertain and deliver ‘what is due to them’. Litchfield (1956) has identified three broad, functional areas of administration: (1) policy, (2) resources, and (3) execution. These functional areas are applicable to the three fields of administration, including educational administration. A policy is defined as a statement of those objectives that guide the actions of a substantial portion of the total organization. The resources of administration are composed of people, money authority, and materials. Execution is a function of integration and synthesis of resources and policies that are intended to achieve a purposeful organization (Aquino, 1986). Faculty The roles and responsibilities of a faculty member are closely confined to the main functions of higher education. Their roles as an individual supports to the vision-mission of the University. Faculty members, however have similarities on their responsibilities to commit themselves fully to their teaching obligations, to participate in the development of the programs imparted by the institution as a whole, to engage scholarly activities, and as appropriate to support the University in its goal to render public services. One aboriginal formal description of these functions was pertained in the 1915 â€Å"Declaration of Principles† produced by the American Association of University Professors (AAUP). According to the declaration, the colleges’ and universities’ functions are â€Å"to promote inquiry and advance the sum of human knowledge, to provide general instructions to the students, and to develop experts for various branches of the public service† (Joughin, pp. 163-164) cited by Aquino, 1986. A faculty member shall also play the role of facilitating and processing of influencing their students towards setting and achieving goals. They should help the group to decide on its goal, able to tolerate uncertainty without anxiety or angry, reconciles conflicts and turns confusion into order, exhibits good judgment and conviction, able to create a climate for creativity and innovation and emphasizes productivity and promotes the growth of students. Theoretical Consideration Social psychologist Douglas McGregor of MIT expounded two contrasting theories on human motivation and management in the 1960s: The X Theory and the Y Theory. (Theory X and Theory Y- Leadership Training from MindTools. com, 2013) The Theory Y behavioral pattern states that: * Employees under this pattern believe that expenditure of physical and mental effort in work is natural as play or rest. * Workers will exercise self-direction and self control in the service of attaining goals and objectives. * They believe that rewards are associated with individual achievements and contribution to group goals. * The average human being learns under proper condition. They seek responsibility to grow and develop as responsible person. The work groups have different values that influence the managerial pattern of leadership. A work group that value independence and unilateral decision making can influence the managers style to be one involvement and participation. On the other hand, the manager should adjust his style when the employee displays an opposite value. The Manager, therefore, must know when to ring the bell to change his course of action. (Pereda, 2011) On our study which focuses on the Notre Dame University Thrust as seen in the teacher education program of the College of Education, the Theory Y Behavioral Pattern visualizes the pattern in which the board of administration processes the crafting and developing of the strategic plans and they have the capability and talents to increase production and develop better services by means of making a direction to reach a particular vision the school wants to attain for a particular school year. This will be translated among the lower sectors/department heads (colleges) that will translate it among the students to see the effectiveness of the developed thrust if it supported the mission in attaining the vision of the school. Chapter III METHODOLOGY This chapter contains research design, respondents, research instruments, sampling design, and data gathering procedure. Research Design The researcher employs the descriptive research design. It describes the perceived effectiveness of the Notre Dame University Thrust, especially in the field of Instruction and Extension, as operated in the College of Education; profile of the College of Education Third and Fourth Year students; and programs and activities being conducted in the College anchored in the University Thrust. Respondents There are 105 third year students, composed of 17 males and 88 females, and 91 fourth year students, composed of 27 males and 64 females who are the respondents of the study with the total number of 196 students. The respondents came from the Notre Dame University College of Education, enrolled during the School Year 2012- 2013. Research Instrument The researchers will use a Key Informant Interview questionnaire and a survey questionnaire instruments in order to gather the data needed in the study. The Key Informant Interview is conducted to the Notre Dame University College of Education Dean and Program Head. The interview is composed of questions that intend to get further information about the programs and activities that the College is conducting. The information is compared to the result of the survey to see if it will coincide with each other making the result of the study reliable. The survey questionnaire will cover two (2) parts: Part I, it’s the profile of the students, specifically the name, gender, and age; Part II are the questions regarding the programs and activities operating in the College of Education that are anchored from the Notre Dame University Thrust (Instruction and Extension). Sampling Design Using the census method, the data will be collected from every member of the total population of the respondents. The respondents will be identified by getting the whole number of population of the Third and Fourth Year students enrolled in the College of Education during the Second Semester of the School Year 2012-2013. Data Gathering Procedure. The activities to be undertaken in the process of gathering relevant data which the study requires: The instruments ready, researchers’ sent letters of permission to the Dean of the College of Education to administer the survey questionnaire. Upon the approval of the letters, the researchers will personally distribute the questionnaire to the respondents. APPENDIX October 18, 2012 DR. MA. CORAZON C. NATANO Dean. College of Education Notre Dame University Cotabato City Dear Dr. Natano: Greetings of peace and love! We, the students of Notre Dame University taking up Bachelor in Secondary Education major in English are currently enrolled in Educ 314B with the descriptive title Thesis Writing. In line with this, may we ask permission from your good office to get a list and conduct a survey for our thesis entitled â€Å"An Assessment of the University Thrust as Translated in the Teacher Education Program in Notre Dame University†. The data will be helpful to us in the completion of our study. We are hoping for your positive response towards our humble request. Very truly yours, MA. CHARIS ELLA AMANDO BUTCH PASCUAL RACHEL ANNE NUNEZ ResearcherResearcherResearcher Noted by: CHARLITO K. CORTEL, JR. Research Adviser January 16, 2013 DR. MA. CORAZON C. NATANO Dean, College of Education Notre Dame University Cotabato City Dear Dr. Natano: Greetings of peace! We are in the process of formulating our survey questionnaire in relation to the study â€Å"An Assessment of the University Thrusts as Translated in the Teacher Education Program of Notre Dame University†. We thought of looking into the Annual Programs and Services of the College of Education as one of the vital documents related to the implementation of the University Thrusts. Hence, we would like to ask permission to have a copy of such documents with the assurance to keep it confidential. Our sincerest thanks for being a helping factor to our research. Respectfully yours, MA. CHARIS ELLA AMANDO BUTCH PASCUAL RACHEL ANNE NUNEZ ResearcherResearcherResearcher Noted by: CHARLITO K. CORTEL, JR. Adviser January 9, 2013 DR. DOLORES S. DAGUINO Vice President for Academic Affairs Notre Dame University Dear Dr. Daguino: Greetings of peace and love. We are third year students of the College of Education and working on a research trying to assess whether the University Thrust (Formation, Instruction, Research, and Extension) are evident/functional in the programs and services in the Teacher Education Program in our own department. We feel that we need help from people who can best enlighten us about it. Hence, we seek your help. We would like appreciate much it you can lend us some documents that will lead us to better understanding of the NDU Thrust. Thank you very much for your kindness. Respectfully yours, MA. CHARIS ELLA AMANDO BUTCH PASCUAL RACHEL ANNE NUNEZ ResearcherResearcherResearcher Noted by: CHARLITO K. CORTEL, JR. Adviser DR. MA. CORAZON C. NATANO Dean, College of Education January 9, 2013 PROF. ELSA C. TAMSE. Executive Assistant to the President Notre Dame University Dear Prof. Tamse: Greetings of peace and love. We are third year students of the College of Education and working on a research trying to assess whether the University Thrust (Formation, Instruction, Research, and Extension) are evident/functional in the programs and services in the Teacher Education Program in our own department. We feel that we need help from people who can best enlighten us about it. Hence, we seek your help. We would like appreciate much it you can lend us some documents that will lead us to better understanding of the NDU Thrust. Thank you very much for your kindness. Respectfully yours, MA. CHARIS ELLA AMANDO BUTCH PASCUAL RACHEL ANNE NUNEZ ResearcherResearcherResearcher Noted by: CHARLITO K. CORTEL, JR. Adviser DR. MA. CORAZON C. NATANO Dean, College of Education Key Informant Interview Questionnaire: 1. What is University Thrust? 2. How important it is especially to be run in the College of Education? 3. How is this University Thrust being translated to the college and to the students? 4. What are the specific programs and activities conducted in the College of Education that are anchored in the University Thrust? 5. Why it is those activities/programs are done? For what reason/s? 6. Are those activities/programs enough? Is it appropriate? 7. Do the activities/programs conducted for the students really helpful? And meet the prescribed standards? 8. What are the efforts done by the faculty and staff of the College of Education for these activities/programs to be successfully implemented? 9. Are those efforts enough? Why? And why not? 10. Are those activities/ programs enough to tell if the university Thrust is really operating in the college? 11. Do you think the college already met the prescribed standards of the University Thrust? Survey Questionnaire: Part I: Students’ Profile Name: _________________________________Sex: ________ Age: ________Year Level: _________ Part II: Survey questions Instruction: Rate the following questions according to what you have observed in the College. Scale:4- Strongly Agree (SA)2- Disagree (D) 3- Agree (A)1- Strongly Disagree (SD) Instruction: 1. The objectives and learning1234 outcomes are well-defined and clearly stated. 2. The given objectives meet1234 the prescribed standards. 3. The learning objectives reflect 1234 to the institution’s teaching learning framework. 4. The teaching and learning1234 process used in the class is appropriate and varied. 5. The teaching- learning strategies 1234 used by the teachers varied depending of students’ learning styles and multiple intelligences. 6. The strategies used in1234 the class facilitate the holistic development of the students. 7. The use of Learning Teams are being1234 facilitated well in the class 8. The instructions used1234 in the class are useful inside and outside the classroom. 9. The teachers practice research-oriented1234 Instruction. 10. The teachers require students with 1234 research-based assignments, projects and assessment tasks. 11. The teachers provide for1234 Collaborative activities that encourage Students to work with learning teams. 12. The teachers provide for 1234 individual tasks that develop students communication skills and promote students HOTS and critical thinking. 13. The teachers conduct activities 1234 that develop students to become problem solvers, creative thinkers and independent learners. 14. The teachers integrate current issues1234 in the course to develop students to become sensitive and responsible of their roles in social transformation in Mindanao. 15. The teachers integrate multi-cultural1234 issues in the course to develop among students respect of diverse culture and faith. 16. The teachers design academic tasks1234 that requires students to develop their ICT skills and utilize technology resources. 17. The faculty in the college1234 encourages the students to join activities such as seminars and educational associations. 18. The teacher is using seat plan1234 and checks the attendance. 19. The learning environment1234 is conducive for the students. 20. The learning environment1234 is well- equipped and offers comfort and accommodates a number of students per session. 21. The learning outcomes1234 of every academic program held in the College are well- defined. 22. The students are well- oriented 1234 on the availability of academic guidance and counseling. 23. The Academic Support Programs in the College are wellconducted and facilitated: * Enhancement program in English1234 * Tutorial Class in Mathematics1234 * Faculty-Student Consultation1234 (eg. tutorial, thesis consultation). Extension: 1. The college has an adopted community. 1234 2. The college has programs involving 1234 Community extension. 3. The students in the College of Education are1234 exposed to community. 4. The college is developing students by 1234 allowing them to be exposed in the community to achievecommunity awareness and personal upliftment. 5. The teachers in the college give activities1234 whereincommunity extension involved. Specify what kind of activity/ies: __________ 6. The college also gives technical assistance1234 in formof functional education, community organizing, health programs and other community programs. 7. The college includes: a.Guiding and motivating students, 1234 Faculty and staff toward community service andgives them chance to be exposed to the community and actual service to make them more sensitive to extension as an integral part of instruction and research. b. Establishes the structure that 1234 will ensure coordination, communication, planning, linkages and monitoring of extension programs. c. Establishes necessary infrastructure1234 To sustain the extension program of theUniversity. d. Integrates extension into both 1234 curricularand co- curricular activities. e. Strengthens coordination and 1234 cooperation between and among students. 8. The college’s commitment to1234 co.